如何防止菊花叶子发黄脱落?
菊花在生长过程中常出现黄叶、脱叶现象,主要是肥水不足,植株生长减慢;盆土过湿,施肥过量;施肥时将肥液溅到叶片上,沾污叶片;以及病虫害侵袭等造成的。预防菊花黄叶、脱叶主要要注意以下几个方面的问题:
第一,施肥。菊花施肥要掌握薄肥多施,见花蕾后稍浓。追肥可用腐熟豆饼、香油渣2份加清水8份,每隔7~10天施1次。现蕾后,可用肥料1份加3份水,再掺入少量磷酸二氢钾进行追施。施后,及时用清水冲去叶片上的肥液。
第二,浇水。花的浇水以盆土“干则浇,不干不浇,浇则浇透”为原则。夏季气候炎热,盆土易干,要充分浇水,但中午不能浇水,早晨浇足水,傍晚盆土干可再浇1次。雨后侧盆倒水。浇水时避免泥土溅到叶片上。
第三,防治病虫害,危害菊花叶片的病害主要是叶枯病。
防治方法是:从春季开始,每隔15天喷1次500倍的可湿性代森铵或代森锌。对菊花蚜虫可用40%的氧化乐果进行喷洒,对红蜘蛛可用克螨特1000倍液进行喷洒。
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