西洋水仙的栽培方法
西洋水仙的栽培方法,西洋水仙主要特征是副冠(即喇叭部分)发达,长度与花被相同或略长,一茎一花。西洋水仙与中国水仙相类似,但直立高大,花茎亦长,花虽美,但却无香味。
西洋水仙虽然能供雕刻,但因一茎一花,无繁花茂盛之貌,所以大多用于切花、盆栽及花坛栽培。
(1)栽培场所。性喜冷凉、忌高温,生育适温约10~15℃。球根种植后可移至日照约50%的半阴处,土壤宜保持均匀湿度,待叶芽伸出土面后,再将盆栽西洋水仙移至日照约70%~80%的地方栽培,这样才能培养出健壮的植株。
(2)用土。西洋水仙必须种植于肥沃的土壤中,才能绽放出美丽硕大的花朵。一般而言,栽培土质以排水良好且富含有机质的微酸性砂质壤土为佳。
(3)浇水。盆土宜保持均匀湿润,生长期间每隔2~3天浇水1次即可。
(4)施肥。除基肥外,生长期间每周以速效化学肥料稀释液喷洒1次,或以磷、钾肥稀薄溶液每隔2周施用1次,不必施加氮肥,以免叶片过度肥大而伏倒。
(5)繁殖。种球每年秋季都自荷兰引进,花市和花店均可购得,最好是选购处理过的球根,以避免买到不宜开花的球根。种球种植后,覆土为球高的两倍厚,盆栽时,16~20厘米盆宜植5~7球。
(6)开花期间的照顾。可移至室内明亮处观赏,盆土保持适当的湿度即可。
(7)开花后的处理。在平地气温高的地方,母球开花后不易再培养成开花球,所以花谢后即予以废弃,待来年再重新购买球根栽培。
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