蝴蝶兰的选购方法
对初学者而言,请暂时不要考虑繁杂的杂交品种,而先试种蝴蝶兰的大花系,例如大白花、大红花、白花红唇或线条花,因为这类品种栽培容易,比较适合初学者。
在养兰的初期,最好购买成株,如开花株或带有花茎、花蕾的蝴蝶兰,而千万不要买一些不具品名的小苗,虽然它们的价格便宜,但开花率极低,很可能会让你白白浪费一、两年的心血。
初次种植蝴蝶兰的人常喜欢选购板植(即用蛇木板栽培)的蝴蝶兰,也许板植的蝴蝶兰确实颇为美观,但除非有完善的设备及悉心的照顾,否则不容易生长和开花良好。同时板植的蝴蝶兰在一、两年后,蛇木容易酸败,而且容易感染白粉病,加上根系干化等因素,一年半载后植株便会衰退或死亡,这样一来,容易打击初学者的学习兴致。
在选购蝴蝶兰时,首先看看宽大且健康的叶片,外形上平整光亮的,没有任何病虫害留下的斑点痕迹,叶片数量不得少于4片,5~6片者更佳,而每片叶子由下往上愈来愈大者才算正常,假如叶片由下往上愈来愈少,必定是株势退化、有问题的植株,很可能长不大或开不了花。
其次要观察根系方面是否肥大且蔓延旺盛,不健全的根系往往是导致兰花衰退的主要原因,因此要选择根系强壮者为佳。
此外,盆内的栽培介质若出现太多的青苔时,表示介质已酸败,或是盆中的根系有一半以上已腐败不堪,植株会因此而逐渐枯萎,在选购时也应注意。
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