蝴蝶兰如何养殖
蝴蝶兰如何养殖,蝴蝶兰为兰科蝴蝶兰属多年生附生草本花卉,原产亚洲热带,既无匍匐茎,也无假鳞茎,对气候的适应性较差。其茎较短,长约5~8厘米,每株只有数片肥厚的叶子交互叠列于茎基部,白色粗大的气生根则盘旋或垂悬于茎基部之下。花期10月至翌年1月,花梗从叶腋抽出,拱形,有花十数朵,状若彩蝶翩翩起舞,每朵花可开2~3周,全株可连续开放60~70天。因其花色丰富、花形迷人、花姿高雅,素有“兰花皇后”之美誉。
蝴蝶兰对温度的要求比较严格,它的生长适温为20~30℃,夏季35℃以上、冬季低于10℃即停止生长,必须加以保温,且不能让冷风直吹兰株,以避免造成寒害落叶;花芽分化时,温度需在18℃以下,分化后提高温度,方可促进开花。
栽培蝴蝶兰可用塑料盆或陶瓷盆,植料可用碎蕨根、水苔、珍珠岩、蛭石、泥炭土、木炭、碎瓦片等混合配制;通常比例为碎蕨根40%、泥炭土20%、木炭屑20%、珍珠岩或蛭石10%,混合后栽培,效果尚可。
它全年需要散射光,冬季可给予少许人工补充光照,有助于其开花;全年都需要20~24℃以上的温度,同时要求高温时,每天要多喷水,最好能早上浇水,夜晚以前水分能完全吸干,叶片、叶柄不留滞水过夜,否则容易引起病害。冬季也容易受寒冻伤,甚至造成落叶,这是栽培的重点。
蝴蝶兰可用少量缓效肥料做基肥,平时用1 000~2 000倍的水溶性速效肥,每10~15天喷1次,幼株未开花前氮肥多一点,接近成株要提高磷、钾的比例;花谢后要追施含氮磷钾比例为1:1:1的复合液态肥,秋季再提升磷钾肥的比例,以上就是关于蝴蝶兰如何养殖的介绍。
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