家庭盆花施肥方法
应根据肥料的种类,严格掌握施肥方法和施肥量。盆栽花卉,因土壤容量和特定生长环境条件所限,施肥应掌握“少、勤、巧、精”的原则。有机肥经腐熟后宜作基肥,但需提前1个月混合在培养土里,使肥与土充分融合后施用。腐熟的饼肥既可作基肥又可作追肥,作追肥时,要经浸泡发酵后,再稀释才能使用,稀释浓度为15%~25%。
不同肥料种类的施用方法及施用量氮肥:
尿素、硫酸铵、硝酸铵等,在花卉生育过程中宜作追肥,用0.1%~0.5%的溶液追施。
磷肥:过磷酸钙、钙镁磷肥、磷矿粉等肥料,可用其1%~2%的浸泡液(浸泡一昼夜)作追肥,也可用0.1%的水溶液作根外追肥;磷酸二铵肥料,可用0.1%~0.5%的水溶液作追肥,也可用盆土量的0.5%~1%作基肥。
钾肥:主要有硫酸钾、硝酸钾、氢化钾等,适于球根类花卉。可作基肥或追肥。作基肥用量为盆土的0.1%~0.2%,追肥为0.1%~0.2%的水溶液。
现在,许多地方研制生产了养花专用化肥,有全元素肥、促花肥、促叶肥、缓释肥等,可根据花卉种类和需要施用。主要用作追肥。
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