家庭盆花的浇水方法(下)
(三)浇水时间
浇水时间应视季节、温度而定。一般春秋季,宜在上午9~10时进行;夏季浇水时间宜在早晨8时前,下午6时后进行;冬季浇水时间宜在上午10时以后,下午3时以前进行。
浇水时水温应与土温接近,温差不应超过5摄氏度。尤其是在夏季,水温与土温相差过大,极易损伤花卉的根系;根毛受到冷水的刺激,会阻碍水分的正常吸收,引起叶片枯萎,严重时会导致植株死亡。
(四)浇水方法
1.用浇壶浇水
浇壶是给盆花浇水的专用工具,使用方便,浇水量容易掌握。浇壶的喷头是活动的,用时套上,不用时取下。浇一般的盆花不带喷头,浇小苗和叶面喷水要有喷头,以免使小苗倒伏或冲刷盆土。
2.喷水
向植株叶面喷水,可以增加空气湿度,降低温度,冲洗掉花卉叶片上的尘土,有利于光合作用。一般夏季天气炎热、干燥时,应适当喷水。那些原产热带及亚热带的花卉,对空气湿度要求较高,夏季喷水尤为重要。冬季休眠期,要少喷或不喷水。还有一些花卉忌水湿,则不宜向叶面喷水,否则易引起腐烂。
此外,盆花浇水还应注意:①有些盆栽花卉叶面不能积水,否则叶片容易腐烂。如大岩桐、蟆叶秋海棠、非洲紫罗兰、荷包花等叶面有茸毛,叶面不宜喷水,尤其不应在傍晚喷水。②有些花卉的花芽和嫩叶不耐水湿,水湿太久易腐烂。如仙客来的花芽、非洲菊的叶芽。③有些花卉,如墨兰、建兰叶片发现病害时,应停止叶面喷水。④有些花卉分株或移栽后,直至新根长出之前都不能浇水,每天仅可向叶面和周围环境喷水,以保持较高的空气湿度。如附生兰等。
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