怎样对花卉进行压条繁殖?
压条繁殖是将作为花卉植物母株的部分,进行环状剥皮,然后在其茎部堆土或压土,待生根后即从母体上剪下,再行种植,使之成为独立的植株。在母体上选择当年生的老熟而健壮并具有饱满芽的枝条充当。其优点是能保存母体的优良特性,缺点是无法大量繁殖。压条时间依花的种类不同而不同,一般落叶树多在春、秋进行,以早春4月为宜。多用于难以扦插生根的花卉,如腊梅、桂花、米兰等。
单枝压条:取靠近地面的枝条,作为压条材料,使枝条埋于土中15厘米深,将埋入地下枝条部分割伤,或轮状剥皮,枝条顶端露出地面,覆土压紧。连翘、罗汉松、迎春等常用此法繁殖。
堆土压条:此法多用于丛生性花木,可在头年将地上部剪短,促进侧枝萌发;第二年,将各侧枝的基部割伤堆土,生根后,分别移栽,如迎春、金钟等均可用此法繁殖。
波状压条:将枝条割伤数处,其割伤处理人土中,生根后切开移植,即成新植株。高空压条法:选取当年生成熟健壮枝条,施行环状剥皮或刻伤,用塑料薄膜包环剥处,内填湿度适宜的苔藓和土,待新根生长后剪下,解除薄膜,栽植成新个体。压条不脱离母体,靠母体营养,但要注意压紧埋土。切离时间视品种而异。月季当年可切离,桂花越年切离。栽植时尽量带土,以保护新根,有利成活。
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