花卉养殖土壤的酸碱度如何调整?
种植花卉的土壤酸碱度对花卉生长有很大影响。酸碱度不合适,会严重阻碍花卉的生长发育,影响养分的吸收,引起一些病害的发生等。
大多数花卉在中性偏酸性(pH5.5~7.0)土壤里生长发育良好。高于或低于这一界限,有些营养元素即处于不可吸收状态,从而导致某些花卉发生营养缺乏症。特别是喜酸性土壤的花卉,如兰花、茶花、杜鹃、栀子、含笑、桂花、珠兰、白兰、广玉兰等适宜在pH5.0~6.0的土壤中生长,否则易发生缺铁黄化病。
改变土壤的酸碱度的方法较多:
①如酸性过高,可在盆土中适当掺人一些石灰粉或草木灰。
②降低碱性可加入适量的硫磺、硫酸铝、硫酸亚铁、腐殖质肥等。如为满足喜酸性土壤花卉的需要,盆花可浇灌1:50的硫酸铝(白矾)水溶液或1:200的硫酸亚铁水溶液。施用硫碘粉见效慢,但持久;施用硫酸铝需补充磷肥;施用硫酸亚铁见效快,但作用时间短,需每隔7~10天施1次。
③对少量培养土可以增加其腐叶土或泥炭的混合比例。
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