盆栽紫罗兰怎么养
盆栽紫罗兰怎么养?盆栽紫罗兰宜选矮生品种。播种出苗后从中选择子叶为长椭圆形,淡绿色,真叶边缘波浪形,缺刻大而明显的幼苗栽植。这种苗重办率高,切花价格远比单办的贵。
紫罗兰系直根性植物,须根不发达,育苗时最好真叶展开前移植,并多带些宿土,以利成活。宜每3株成“晶”字形植于口径25 cm的大盆内,然后放低温室内。定植后15—20天,长至9—10片叶子时进行一次摘心,促使产生分枝。浇水不宜勤,盆栽紫罗兰的可2—3天浇一次。温室栽培常通过通风换气调整室内温、湿度。

在一般情况下,盆栽紫罗兰每隔20—25天追施一次饼肥水,也可用复合化肥。施氮肥不能过多,否则易引起徒长,影响开花。到开花前30天左右,迫肥改用速效性磷钾肥。紫罗兰的叶片质厚,气孔较少,全叶被茸毛,因而较耐干旱。土壤不宜过湿。夏季高温、高湿时容易发生病害。为使盆栽紫罗兰提前开花,白天室温需保持15—18℃,夜间10℃左右,同时加强光照,即可达到目的。当植株长到40cm以上时需设木框支架支撑。春季开花品种的种子成熟期在6月中旬至8月初,应注意在角果开裂前选择重办植株采收。盆栽紫罗兰主要病虫害有菌核病、黑腐病、食心虫、小菜蛾等,需注意及时喷药防治。
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